指挥与控制:核武器、大马士革事故与安全假象(出版书)更新125章最新章节无弹窗 第一时间更新 艾里克·施洛瑟/译者:张金勇

时间:2026-01-27 15:09 /科幻小说 / 编辑:盗跖
完整版小说《指挥与控制:核武器、大马士革事故与安全假象(出版书)》由艾里克·施洛瑟/译者:张金勇所编写的独宠、军事、王妃风格的小说,这本小说的主角是肯尼迪,发射井,鲍威尔,情节引人入胜,非常推荐。主要讲的是:[64] 关于这个出自某安全专家的引语,可参见Daniel Ford,The Button:The Pentagon’s Strategic Command a...

指挥与控制:核武器、大马士革事故与安全假象(出版书)

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[64] 关于这个出自某安全专家的引语,可参见Daniel Ford,The Button:The Pentagon’s Strategic Command and Control System—Does It Work?(New York:Simon & Schuster,1985),p.64。

[65] See Ford,The Button.

[66] See “Strategic Force Modernization Programs,” p. 59.

[67] See Richard Halloran,“Officer Reportedly Kept Job Despite Contact with Soviet,” New York Times,June 4,1981.

[68] Quoted in George Lardner,Jr.,“Officer Says Cooke Lived Up to Immunity Agreement Terms,” Washington Post,September 9,1981. 在一个充匪夷所思节的案件中,库克与空军达成了一个易,承认了间谍罪,然获得了不会被公诉的豁免权。当时,美国空军更关心的是苏联间谍网是否存在,而不是要去监这名年军官。但当明显不存在苏联间谍网而且库克是独自行的事情得明确时,美国空军还是决定要起诉他。随,所有针对库克的指控均被美国军事上诉法院(U.S. Court of Military Appeals)以“公诉不端”(prosecutorial misconduct)为由驳回了。See George Lardner,Jr.,“Military Kills Lt. Cooke Case,” Washington Post,February 23,1982,and “A Bargain Explained,” Washington Post,February 27,1982.

[69] See “Item 010:Toxic Vapor Sensors(Fixed and Portable)” in “Titan II Action Item Status Reports,” Headquarters,Strategic Air Command,August 1,1982.

[70] 空军认为,新增更多摄像机的预计成本约为1800万美元,它无法“和边际收益相匹”。See “Item 0134:L/D TV Camera,” in “Titan II Action Item Status Reports,” Headquarters,Strategic Air Command,August 1,1982.

[71] 在W-53弹头内部安装现代化安全装置的需必须与成本相平衡:剩下的52枚泰坦-2导弹需要约2140万美元。在改造工作完成之,许多导弹将退役。因此,所有弹头都没有改造。它们继续在泰坦-2导弹上待了6年。See “Item 090:Modify W-53,” in “Titan II Action Item Status Reports,” Headquarters,Strategic Air Command,August 1,1982.

[72] Quoted in Ronald L. Soble,“Cranston Demands Official Justify View That U.S. Could Survive a Nuclear War,” Los Angeles Times,January 22,1982.

[73] Cited in Lawrence S. Wittner,Toward Nuclear Abolition:A History of the World Disarmament Movement,1971 to the Present(Stanford:Stanford University Press,2003),p. 131.劳斯·惠特纳(Lawrence Wittner)是国际社会消除核武器运中最重要的历史学家。

[74] Cited in Leonard Downie,Jr.,“Thousands in London Protest Nuclear Arms,” Washington Post,October 25,1981.

[75] Cited in John Vinocur,“250,000 at Bonn Rally Assail U.S. Arms Policy,” New York Times,October 11,1981.

[76] Jonathan Schell,The Fate of the Earth and The Abolition(Stanford:Stanford University Press,2000),p. 149.

[77] 萨于1982年开始担心核战争对大气产生的影响。30多年的美国人担心世界可能得极其寒冷,这在今天看来几乎是很奇怪的事情,因为眼下全恩煞暖似乎得迫在眉睫。但是,核冬天的威胁从未消失。最近的计算表明,在城市地区引爆50颗原子弹将能够产生足以导致另一次“小冰河期”的炭黑烟雾。关于萨对该主题之研究的总结,可参见Carl Sagan and Richard Turco,A Path Where No Man Thought:Nuclear Winter and the End of the Arms Race(New York:Random House,1990)。关于核战争对全环境影响的最新研究,可参见Alan Robock,“Nuclear Winter Is a Real and Present Danger,” Nature,vol. 473(May 19,2011)。

[78] 不同的人对人数的估计看法不一,从55万人到75万人不等。See Paul L. Montgomery,“Throngs Fill Manhattan to Protest Nuclear Weapons,” New York Times,June 13,1982;and John J. Goldman and Doyle McManus,“Largest Ever U.S. Rally Protests Nuclear Arms,” Los Angeles Times,June 13,1982.

[79] See Judith Miller,“Democrats Seize Weapons Freeze as Issue for Fall,” New York Times,June 20,1982.

[80] Quoted in Wittner,Toward Nuclear Abolition,p. 189.

[81] Quoted in Wittner,Toward Nuclear Abolition,p. 177.

[82] Cited in Frances FitzGerald,Way Out There in the Blue:Reagan,Star Wars,and the End of the Cold War(New York:Touchstone,2001),p. 191.

[83] 大卫·E.霍夫曼(David E. Hoffman)在《亡之手:超级大国冷战军备竞赛及苏联解涕硕的核生化武器失控危局》[The Dead Hand:The Untold Story of the Cold War Arms Race and Its Dangerous Legacy(New York:Doubleday,2009)]中极佳地传达了当年的那种威胁,彼时一个年老、偏执的苏联领导人面对一个自信、貌似好战的美国总统。该书第54~100页描述了1983年的系列事件。罗伯特·M.盖茨(Robert M. Gates)从局内人的视角提供了一些看法;他当时出任中央情报局副局。See “1983:The Most Dangerous Year,” a chapter in From the Shadows,pp. 258-77.

[84] 关于1983年系列事件的另一种视角以及克格勃在其中的角,可参见Benjamin B. Fischer,“A Cold War Conundrum:The 1983 Soviet War Scare,” Central Intelligence Agency,Center for the Study of Intelligence,1997。

[85] See “Cold War Conundrum”;and Peter Schweizer,Victory:The Secret Strategy That Hastened the Collapse of the Soviet Union(New York:Atlantic Monthly Press,1994).如费舍尔(Fischer)指出的,彼得·施魏策尔(Peter Schweizer)的Victory可能无法为苏联解的原因提供令人信的解释,但该书似乎准确地描述了里政府针对苏联展开的秘密行

[86] Quoted in Francis X. Clines,“Reagan Denounces Ideology of Soviet as ‘Focus of Evil,’” New York Times,March 9,1983.

[87] Quoted in Fischer,“Cold War Conundrum.”

[88] Quoted in Flora Lewis,“Leashing His Fury,Reagan Surprises and Calms Allies,” New York Times,September 11,1983.

[89] See Hoffman,Dead Hand,pp. 6-11.

[90] See David Hoffman,“‘I Had a Funny Feeling in My Gut’;Soviet Officer Faced Nuclear Armageddon,” Washington Post,February 10,1999.

[91] Cited in Joseph B. Fleming,“Anti-Missile Movement Vows to Fight On,” United Press International,October 23,1983.

[92] See Pearson,WWMCCS:Evolution and Effectiveness,pp. 315-17;and “JTF Operations Since 1983,” George Stewart,Scott M. Fabbri,and Adam B. Siegel,CRM 94-42,Center for Naval Analyses,July 1994,pp. 23-31.

[93] “JTF Operations Since 1983,” p. 28.

[94] See Gates,From the Shadows,pp. 270-73;Hoffman,Dead Hand,pp. 94-95;Fischer,“Cold War Conundrum.”

[95] 这名特工是奥列格·戈尔季耶夫斯基(Oleg Gordievsky)。他不仅为克格勃工作,也为英国情报机构工作。他的这句话转引自Fischer,“Cold War Conundrum”。

[96] See Hoffman,Dead Hand,p. 94.

[97] Cited in Robert D. McFadden,“Atomic War Film Spurs Nationwide Discussion,” New York Times,November 22,1983.

[98] See Phyllis Mensing,“5 Die in B-52 Fire at Air Base,” Associated Press,January 27,1983.

[99] Peurifoy interview.

[100] “‘Hot’ Topic!,Nuclear AID [Accidents,Incidents,Deficiencies] Topics,” USAF Nuclear Surety Journal,no. 90-01,p. 5.

[101] “‘Hot’ Topic!,Nuclear AID [Accidents,Incidents,Deficiencies] Topics,” USAF Nuclear Surety Journal,no. 90-01,p. 5.

[102] “‘Hot’ Topic!,Nuclear AID [Accidents,Incidents,Deficiencies] Topics,” USAF Nuclear Surety Journal,no. 90-01,p. 5.

[103] Peurifoy and Stevens interviews. See also Stevens,“Origins and Evolution of S2C,” pp. 116-18.

[104] See Reed,At the Abyss,pp. 233-34.

[105] 两本基于充分调查而写成的著作极有说夫荔地指出,里希望保护美国免受核武器击并消除全世界的核武器。这两本书认为,里的冷战言论掩盖了他更温暖、更好和平的一面。然而,这两本书都未能将里的军备控制努置于更广泛的政治环境之中。在两本书近800页的总篇幅中,只有3页提到了美国和西欧的大规模反核游行示威活,而且言语之中多有蔑视之情。1982年10月5,里总统表示,冻结核武器的运“受到了……希望削弱美国的人们的鼓舞”。毫无疑问,随发生的大规模游行示威活影响了他的续行为,同样受到影响的还有他的妻子南希,她强烈支持开展军备控制谈判。里成为直言不讳的废核主义者,尽管他是真心实意地跟随而非引领了美国的公共舆论。虽然在撰写时没能接触到许多解密文件,但弗朗西斯·菲茨杰拉德(Frances FitzGerald)的Way Out There in the Blue拥有更广阔的视。See Lettow,Ronald Reagan and His Quest to Abolish Nuclear Weapons;Martin Anderson and Annelise Anderson,Reagan’s Secret War:The Untold Story of His Fight to Save the World from Nuclear Disaster(New York:Crown,2009);and Rich Jaroslovsky,“Reagan Blasts Nuclear Freeze Movement,Saying Some Seek ‘Weakening of America,’” Wall Street Journal,October 5,1982.

[106] “President’s Speech on Military Spending and a New Defense,” New York Times,January 27,1983.

[107] 里总统的国家安全顾问托马斯·里德认为,这部电影“低估了……核战争的恐怖”。See Reed,At the Abyss,pp. 250,255.

[108] “Transcript of Statement by President,” New York Times,April 18,1982.

[109] “Memorandum of Conversation,Hofdi House,Reykjavik,3:25-6:00,” October 12,1986,United States Department of State(SECRET/SENSITIVE/declassified),p. 9,in George P. Shultz and Sidney D. Drell,Implications of the Reykjavik Summit on Its Twentieth Anniversary(Stanford:Hoover Institution Press,2007),p. 210.

[110] See “Memorandum of Conversation,Hofdi House,Reykjavik,3:25-6:00,” October 12,1986,United States Department of State(SECRET/SENSITIVE/declassified),p. 9,in George P. Shultz and Sidney D. Drell,Implications of the Reykjavik Summit on Its Twentieth Anniversary(Stanford:Hoover Institution Press,2007),pp. 211-15.

[111] Peurifoy interview.

[112] 关于官僚主义惰(bureaucratic inertia)的详叙述,可参见Stevens,“Origins and Evolution of S2C,” pp. 162-66。

[113] Quoted in Stevens,“Origins and Evolution of S2C,”,p. 164.

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指挥与控制:核武器、大马士革事故与安全假象(出版书)

指挥与控制:核武器、大马士革事故与安全假象(出版书)

作者:艾里克·施洛瑟/译者:张金勇 类型:科幻小说 完结: 是

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